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The normally clear lens of the eye becomes clouded by a cataract; otherwise, it is clear. For people with cataracts, seeing through foggy glasses is like looking through a fogged-up or frosted window. Cataracts can cause visual impairments that make it difficult to read, drive (particularly at night), or read a friend's facial expression.
Most cataracts develop gradually and initially have little effect on normal vision. On the other side, cataracts will eventually cause visual obstruction.
The most prevalent signs of cataracts are:
Cloudy or fuzzy vision
Light issues, such as overly bright headlights at night, glare from lamps or the sun, or a halo or haze around lights
Colours seem faded.
Double or multiple vision (this symptom disappears as the cataract advances).
Frequent changes in contact lenses or eyeglasses
These symptoms could also be indicative of other eye disorders. If you experience any of these symptoms, immediately see an eye surgeon. Early cataracts may not cause any noticeable vision abnormalities. Cataracts grow slowly, so vision deteriorates gradually. Some people with cataracts experience a sudden improvement in their close vision (known as second sight), but this is only temporary.
The most prevalent cause of cataracts is a change in the tissue that makes up the eye's lens as a result of age or injury. The lens' proteins and fibers continue to degrade, resulting in blurry or unclear vision.
Cataracts can be aggravated by inherited genetic defects that create further health problems. Other eye disorders, past eye surgery, and other factors, including diabetes, can all cause cataracts. Long-term use of steroid medications can potentially cause cataracts.
Most cataracts are age-related.
Congenital Cataract: Some kids are born with cataracts or develop them during childhood, usually in both eyes. These cataracts may not damage eyesight. If they do, they might need to be removed.
Secondary Cataract: Cataracts are more likely to form in people who have other health issues, such as diabetes. Cataracts have also been connected to the use of steroids.
Traumatic Cataract: Cataracts can develop immediately following an eye injury or years later.
The cataract therapy is largely surgical, with the timing determined by the patient's visual needs. A cataract should only be removed if it significantly impairs one's vision and interferes with daily activities. The patient makes his own decision. If you have cataracts in both eyes, the operations should be conducted at least one month apart (unless there is an emergency).
Phacoemulsification
Intra-Ocular Lenses (IOL)
SICS (Small Incision Cataract Surgery)
After Cataract Eye Surgery
Q1. When Does the Vision Become Normal After Cataract Surgery ?
A1. You can read and watch TV practically immediately following surgery, but your vision may be fuzzy. The recovering eye needs time to adjust before it can focus well with the other eye, particularly if the other eye has a cataract. This healing process may take several weeks. With an IOL, for example, you may notice that colors have a blue tint and that everything turns red after a few hours in the sunshine. It does not take long to adjust to the changes.
Q2. When does cataract develop?
A2. Cataracts can occur at any age, from infancy to old age, although they are more frequent in the elderly, particularly those over the age of 60. By the age of ninety, nearly 98% of people have developed some form of cataract.
Q3. What should I do if I experience any type of change in my vision?
A3. The first thing a person should do if they have any of these symptoms is to see an eye surgeon (ophthalmologist) for a comprehensive eye examination. Seek answers to the following questions:
Do I have a cataract?
Do I have any additional eye diseases?
What causes the cataract in my eye?
What are the therapy options available?
What treatment would be most appropriate for me?
What is the expected outcome of my surgery?
What are the dangers and potential complications?
How long can I wait before getting surgery?
How much time and money will be spent on the surgery?
Q4. How cataract is removed?
A4. Currently, phacoemulsification with a foldable intraocular lens implantation through a 3 mm incision is the most popular form of cataract surgery with the greatest results around the world. Other types of surgeries are conducted in particular situations.
Currently, lasers are rarely utilized to clear cataracts. Research is being conducted to employ Dodick lasers in cataract surgery, with some success reported.
Q5. Is cataract surgery effective?
A5. Today, cataract surgery is one of the most popular procedures performed in India. It is also among the safest and most effective. More than 90% of those who undergo cataract surgery experience improved vision.